English
OPT vs CPT Explained — Which Is Better for International Students?
  24. October 2025     Admin  

OPT vs CPT Explained — Which Is Better for International Students?


If you're studying in the United States on an F-1 visa, you’ve probably heard about OPT (Optional Practical Training) and CPT (Curricular Practical Training). Both programs allow international students to gain work experience, but they differ in purpose, timing, and long-term immigration impact. Here’s a clear guide to help you understand which option best fits your academic and career goals.
Quick Tip: CPT is for work during your studies, while OPT is usually for work after graduation. The key is knowing how to use both strategically.

What Is CPT?

Curricular Practical Training (CPT) allows F-1 students to gain work experience that is directly related to their major while they are still enrolled in school. CPT can be part-time (up to 20 hours per week) during the semester or full-time during breaks.
  • Available before graduation
  • Must be related to your field of study
  • Authorized by your university’s Designated School Official (DSO)
  • Full-time CPT for more than 12 months cancels your eligibility for OPT

What Is OPT?

Optional Practical Training (OPT) is temporary employment that allows international students to work in their major field of study for up to 12 months after graduation (or during studies if pre-completion OPT is chosen). STEM students can also apply for a 24-month extension, making it a total of 36 months.
  • Available after graduation (or before, with limits)
  • Must relate directly to your degree field
  • Requires authorization from USCIS (takes 2–3 months to process)
  • Can lead to H-1B sponsorship opportunities

Key Differences Between OPT and CPT

Feature OPT CPT
When You Can Use It Before or after graduation During your studies
Authorization USCIS approval required University DSO authorization
Duration 12 months (up to 36 with STEM extension) No fixed limit, but excessive use affects OPT
Work Type Internship, job, or research after graduation Internship or practical training during studies
Full-Time Allowed? Yes (after graduation) Yes, but may affect future OPT eligibility

Which Is Better for You?

The answer depends on your goals:
  • Choose CPT if you want to gain real-world experience while still studying or need a required internship to graduate.
  • Choose OPT if you plan to work after graduation, gain experience in the U.S. job market, or apply for an H-1B visa later.
Ideally, students use both — CPT during their studies to build connections and OPT after graduation to transition into long-term employment.

How to Apply

  • Consult your Designated School Official (DSO) for eligibility.
  • For OPT, file Form I-765 with USCIS and pay the applicable fee.
  • For CPT, request authorization directly from your university before starting any job.
  • Always wait for official approval before beginning employment.

Conclusion

Both OPT and CPT offer international students valuable opportunities to build their careers in the U.S. The key is to plan early, coordinate with your school, and use these programs to maximize your practical experience and long-term immigration potential.


Comments Enabled
  Search
  Featured Schools

Add Your School
Chat With Our Support Team