US OPT & CPT Explained for International Students (2025 Guide)
03. October 2025
Admin
US OPT & CPT Explained for International Students (2025 Guide)
Optional Practical Training (OPT) and Curricular Practical Training (CPT) are key work authorization programs that allow international students in the U.S. to gain practical experience related to their field of study. Understanding the rules is crucial for maintaining visa status and maximizing career opportunities.
Note: Eligibility, duration, and application procedures for OPT and CPT vary depending on your degree program, university policies, and visa type. Always confirm details with your Designated School Official (DSO) or university international office.
Curricular Practical Training (CPT) — Allows international students on F-1 visas to work in internships, co-ops, or practicums that are integral to their curriculum. Duration: Generally part-time during school terms and full-time in certain programs. Requires university authorization before starting work.
Optional Practical Training (OPT) — Provides F-1 students with the opportunity to work off-campus in their field of study, usually for up to 12 months post-graduation. STEM degree holders may qualify for a 24-month OPT extension.
Application Process — CPT requires prior authorization from your university; OPT requires filing Form I-765 with USCIS and receiving an Employment Authorization Document (EAD) before starting work.
Limitations and Rules — Part-time vs full-time work restrictions, maximum durations, and relation to degree program must be carefully followed to maintain legal F-1 status.
Transition to H-1B or Other Work Visas — OPT and CPT experience can strengthen applications for H-1B visas or other work-based opportunities in the U.S.
Tips for International Students
Consult your DSO before beginning any CPT or OPT work to ensure authorization and compliance.
Apply for OPT at least 90 days before your program end date to allow processing time.
Keep track of all work authorization dates to avoid falling out of status.
Use your CPT and OPT experiences to build a strong resume for future employment or H-1B applications.
Stay updated on changes in USCIS regulations regarding STEM OPT extensions and work authorizations.
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