How to File Taxes as an International Student in the US (2025 Guide)

Step-by-Step Tax Filing Process

1. Determine Your Tax Status: Most international students on F-1, J-1, or M-1 visas are considered “nonresident aliens” for tax purposes for the first 5 years. This status determines which forms you must file.
2. Collect Your Documents:
   • Passport, visa, and I-20/DS-2019
   • Social Security Number (SSN) or Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN)
   • Form W-2 (if you worked on-campus)
   • Form 1042-S (if you received a scholarship, fellowship, or tax treaty benefit)
3. File Form 8843: Even if you had no income, you must file IRS Form 8843 to explain your visa status and claim exemption from the Substantial Presence Test.
4. File Federal Tax Returns:
   • If you earned income, file Form 1040-NR (Nonresident Alien Income Tax Return).
   • If you received scholarships covering tuition only, you may still need to report them.
5. Check State Filing Requirements: Many US states have their own tax filing rules. If you lived or worked in a state, you may need to file a separate state tax return.
6. Use Tax Treaty Benefits: Some countries have tax treaties with the US that reduce or eliminate tax on certain types of income. Review IRS Publication 901 for details.
7. File Before the Deadline: The usual deadline is April 15 (unless it falls on a weekend/holiday). Missing it can result in penalties.

Where to Get Help

• Your university’s international student office often provides free workshops or guidance.
• IRS resources for nonresident aliens: IRS International Taxpayers Portal
• Specialized tax filing services like Sprintax or Glacier Tax Prep.