Arguments in Favor
English serves as a unifying language in Nigeria, a country with over 500 ethnic groups and languages. By using English as the official language, communication barriers are reduced, and national unity is fostered in governance, education, and commerce.
It also gives Nigeria a competitive edge internationally. English is the global language of business, diplomacy, science, and technology. Retaining it as the official language helps Nigerian students, professionals, and institutions operate efficiently in the global arena.
Additionally, English already serves as the primary medium of instruction in Nigerian schools and is used in official documents, courts, and public offices. Changing it would disrupt existing systems and require massive resources for retraining, translation, and adaptation.
Arguments Against
English is a colonial language imposed during British rule, and its continued dominance undermines Nigeria’s cultural identity and indigenous heritage. Many Nigerians still struggle with fluency, limiting full participation in governance and education.
Prioritizing local languages would empower communities, preserve Nigeria’s rich linguistic diversity, and promote cultural pride. Countries like China and Japan thrive using their native languages—Nigeria can do the same by promoting Hausa, Yoruba, Igbo, and other major languages.
Furthermore, the over-reliance on English marginalizes those in rural areas who may not be proficient in it. Promoting local languages as official mediums can enhance inclusiveness and access to services across all regions.
Conclusion
English remains a practical and unifying choice for Nigeria’s official language, especially in a multilingual society. However, deliberate efforts should be made to promote and preserve indigenous languages through education, media, and governance. A hybrid approach may offer the most inclusive path forward.
