How to Apply for Optional Practical Training (OPT) in the USA

Types of OPT

• Pre-Completion OPT: Can be used while studying, but only part-time (20 hours/week) during school sessions. This period will be deducted from your total 12-month OPT eligibility.
• Post-Completion OPT: Begins after your program ends. It allows you to work full-time in a job directly related to your field of study.
• STEM OPT Extension: Eligible STEM graduates can extend their Post-Completion OPT by an additional 24 months if their employer is enrolled in E-Verify.

Step-by-Step Process to Apply for OPT

1. 1. Confirm Eligibility: You must be an F-1 student who has completed at least one full academic year at a SEVP-certified institution.
2. 2. Choose the Right OPT Type: Decide between Pre-Completion, Post-Completion, or STEM Extension based on your graduation timeline and career goals.
3. 3. Meet with Your DSO: Schedule a meeting with your Designated School Official (DSO). They will recommend OPT in SEVIS and issue a new I-20 form with OPT authorization.
4. 4. Prepare Your Application: Gather the required documents, including:
   • Form I-765 (Application for Employment Authorization)
   • Copy of your new I-20 with OPT recommendation
   • Copy of your I-94 record (available online)
   • Passport ID page and F-1 visa copy
   • Two U.S. passport-size photos (taken within 30 days)
   • Filing fee payment (currently $410, confirm latest fee on USCIS site)
5. 5. File Form I-765 with USCIS: You can submit it online through the USCIS portal or by mail. Make sure to file within 30 days of your DSO’s OPT recommendation date and within 60 days of your program completion date.
6. 6. Wait for Your EAD (Employment Authorization Document): USCIS will send a receipt notice, then your EAD card once approved. Processing time can range from 1 to 3 months.
7. 7. Begin Work Only After Receiving EAD: You can only start your OPT employment once you have received your EAD card and your start date has arrived.

When to Apply for OPT

Important OPT Rules to Remember

• You must work in a job directly related to your major field of study.
• You cannot be unemployed for more than 90 days during your 12-month Post-Completion OPT period.
• Report your employment details to your DSO within 10 days of any change.
• Traveling while OPT is pending can be risky; always consult your DSO before leaving the U.S.

Documents Checklist

• New I-20 with DSO’s OPT recommendation
• Form I-765 completed and signed
• Copy of your most recent I-94 record
• Passport, visa, and prior EAD (if applicable)
• Two U.S. passport-style photos
• Payment proof for filing fee (credit card or check)

Conclusion