How to Apply for Social Security Number (SSN) on F1 Visa
16. October 2025
Admin
How to Apply for Social Security Number (SSN) on F1 Visa
A Social Security Number (SSN) is an essential identification number in the United States used for employment, taxes, and accessing government services.
If you’re an F1 visa international student, you may be eligible to apply for an SSN if you have legal authorization to work on or off campus.
Here’s a complete guide to help you understand the process and requirements.
???? Quick Tip: You can only apply for an SSN after securing authorized employment, such as an on-campus job or Curricular Practical Training (CPT) offer.
1. Understand SSN Eligibility for F1 Students
F1 students are not automatically eligible for an SSN — you must have work authorization. You can apply if you:
Have an on-campus employment offer (e.g., library, cafeteria, research lab)
Are approved for CPT (Curricular Practical Training) or OPT (Optional Practical Training)
Work under a Severe Economic Hardship authorization from USCIS
2. Gather Required Documents
Before visiting the Social Security Administration (SSA) office, collect the following documents:
Valid passport with F1 visa
I-20 form (Certificate of Eligibility for Nonimmigrant Student Status)
Job offer letter from your employer (on official letterhead)
Employment verification letter from your university’s Designated School Official (DSO)
3. Visit the Nearest Social Security Office
Once your documents are ready, visit your nearest Social Security Administration (SSA) office.
You must apply in person — online applications are not available for F1 students.
Bring all original documents — photocopies are not accepted
Complete the Form SS-5 (Application for Social Security Card) available at the SSA office or online
After submission, you’ll receive your SSN card by mail within 2–4 weeks.
4. Important Rules to Remember
Your SSN is valid for life — it never expires, even if your visa does.
Keep your SSN private; it should not be shared unnecessarily to avoid identity theft.
You don’t need an SSN to open a bank account, rent an apartment, or get a driver’s license in most states.
5. What to Do If You Lose Your SSN Card
If your card is lost or stolen, contact the SSA immediately. You can request a replacement by visiting the SSA office
with your identification documents. Reporting early helps prevent misuse or identity fraud.
6. Processing Time and Cost
Processing time: 2–4 weeks (may vary by location)
Application fee: Free (no payment required)
Conclusion
Applying for an SSN as an F1 visa student is a crucial step once you start working legally in the U.S.
Ensure your documents are complete, verify your employment authorization, and apply early to avoid delays.
With an SSN, you’ll be able to receive wages, file taxes, and build your financial record in the U.S. smoothly.
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